Exam: IELTS

Definition: A sudden loss of muscle control and strength, often triggered by strong emotions like laughter or surprise.

Example: During the funny movie, she experienced cataplexy and fell to the floor, unable to move for a moment.

Definition: A medical condition where the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to vision problems, or a large waterfall.

Example: The doctor recommended surgery to remove the cataract from her eye.

Definition: Relating to or affected by a clouding of the lens of the eye, which can impair vision.

Example: The doctor explained that her cataractous condition could be treated with surgery.

Definition: A condition where the mucous membranes, particularly in the nose and throat, become inflamed, often causing a runny nose and congestion.

Example: She was suffering from catarrh, which made it difficult for her to breathe through her nose.

Definition: Related to a condition that causes the production of excess mucus in the nose and throat, often due to inflammation.

Example: The doctor diagnosed her with a catarrhal infection that was causing her persistent cough.

Definition: A sudden and serious event that causes great damage or suffering.

Example: The earthquake was a catastrophe that affected thousands of people.

Definition: Relating to a sudden and severe disaster or event that causes great damage or suffering.

Example: The earthquake had catastrophic effects on the city, destroying many buildings and displacing thousands of people.

Definition: The belief that the Earth's geological features are shaped by sudden, violent events, such as natural disasters, rather than gradual processes.

Example: Many scientists support the theory of catastrophism to explain the formation of certain geological structures.

Definition: Relating to a theory that explains events or situations by suggesting that they are caused by sudden and significant disasters rather than slow, gradual changes.

Example: The scientist presented a catastrophist view of the planet's geological history, emphasizing the role of major disasters.

Definition: A person who believes that the Earth has been shaped by sudden, short-lived, and violent events, rather than gradual processes.

Example: The scientist was a well-known catastrophist, arguing that major geological changes occurred due to catastrophic events.

Definition: A mental state where a person is unable to move or respond normally, often seen in severe mental disorders.

Example: During her episode of catatonia, she remained completely still and unresponsive for hours.