Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: A situation where one company or group has complete control over a product or service, preventing competition.

Example: The company has a monopoly on the production of electric cars in the region.

Definition: A type of carbohydrate that cannot be broken down into simpler sugars. It is the simplest form of sugar and includes substances like glucose and fructose.

Example: Glucose is a common monosaccharide found in many foods.

Definition: A type of chromosome or ribosome that exists alone without a matching pair or mate.

Example: In some genetic conditions, individuals may have a monosome instead of a normal pair of chromosomes.

Definition: Relating to a condition where there is one less than the normal number of chromosome pairs in an organism.

Example: The plant exhibited monosomic traits due to its genetic makeup.

Definition: A genetic condition where there is only one chromosome from a pair instead of the usual two.

Example: Monosomy can lead to various developmental issues and health problems.

Definition: Referring to something that includes only one type of species or is specific to a single antigen or receptor site.

Example: The study focused on a monospecific response to the vaccine, targeting only one strain of the virus.

Definition: The quality or state of having only one syllable in a word or sound.

Example: The word 'cat' is an example of monosyllabicity because it has just one syllable.

Definition: Relating to a type of neural connection that involves only one synapse.

Example: The reflex action is often monosynaptic, meaning it involves a direct connection between sensory and motor neurons.

Definition: A type of organic compound made from two isoprene units, typically containing ten carbon atoms, which can be found in essential oils and have various uses in fragrances and flavorings.

Example: Limonene is a common monoterpene found in citrus fruits.

Definition: Describing a function or sequence that consistently increases or decreases without changing direction.

Example: The graph of a monotonic function either rises or falls steadily without any fluctuations.