Definition: Relating to a system that records property boundaries and details about land ownership.

Example: The cadastral map showed the exact boundaries of each property in the area.

Definition: A small group of trained people who are part of a larger organization and can help train others or lead activities.

Example: The organization relies on a cadre of skilled volunteers to carry out its mission.

Definition: A serious event that causes a lot of damage, suffering, or distress.

Example: The earthquake was a calamity that affected thousands of people.

Definition: The position or role of a caliph, which is a leader in a Muslim government, or the system of government led by a caliph.

Example: The califate was an important political and religious institution in Islamic history.

Definition: A leader in Islam who is considered a successor to Muhammad and holds both political and spiritual authority.

Example: The caliph made important decisions for the Islamic community.

Definition: The position or rule of a caliph, who is a leader in the Islamic community, often seen as a successor to the Prophet Muhammad.

Example: The caliphate was an important political and religious institution in Islamic history.

Definition: To make false and harmful statements about someone, often to damage their reputation.

Example: He was calumniated by his rivals, who spread lies about his character.

Definition: A false accusation or a harmful statement made about someone to damage their reputation.

Example: The calumniation spread quickly, causing serious harm to her reputation.

Definition: A person who makes false and damaging statements about someone in order to harm their reputation.

Example: The calumniator spread lies about his former friend, damaging their reputation.

Definition: Describing something that is slanderous or harmful to someone's reputation.

Example: The calumnious remarks made by the politician damaged his opponent's reputation.