Definition: The condition of being in a state of waiting or being undecided, often related to a legal case or situation that is not yet resolved.

Example: The case is still in pendency, so we cannot make any decisions yet.

Definition: Relating to a place where criminals are punished and reformed, often through imprisonment.

Example: The penitentiary system aims to rehabilitate offenders rather than just punish them.

Definition: A place where people are kept as punishment for committing serious crimes.

Example: The judge sentenced him to five years in a penitentiary for his actions.

Definition: Related to the study of punishment and the management of prisons.

Example: The penological approach to crime focuses on rehabilitation rather than just punishment.

Definition: A person who studies or specializes in the field of penology, which is the study of prisons and the treatment of offenders.

Example: The penologist presented her research on rehabilitation methods at the conference.

Definition: The study and practice of how to manage prisons and help criminals change their behavior.

Example: Penology is important for improving the rehabilitation of offenders in the justice system.

Definition: A system where people work for others to pay off debts, often in harsh conditions, or the state of being in such a situation.

Example: Many workers were trapped in peonage, unable to escape their debts.

Definition: Describing a command or order that must be followed without question; often forceful and not open to disagreement.

Example: The manager gave a peremptory order that everyone must attend the meeting.

Definition: To make oneself guilty of lying under oath, especially in a legal setting.

Example: He was accused of trying to perjure himself during the trial.

Definition: A person who lies or makes false statements while under oath, especially in a court of law.

Example: The witness was found to be a perjurer after it was revealed that he lied during the trial.

Definition: Relating to the act of lying or making false statements under oath.

Example: The witness was found to be perjurious, leading to serious legal consequences.