penitentiary
Upper-Intermediate (B2)
IPA: /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃəri/
KK: /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃəri/
adjective
Definition
Relating to a place where criminals are punished and reformed, often through imprisonment.
Example
The penitentiary system aims to rehabilitate offenders rather than just punish them.
Conversation
I heard that the new law focuses on penitentiary reforms.
Yeah, it's about time they changed the system.
It’s interesting how they want to make penitentiary facilities more rehabilitative.
Absolutely! It could really help reduce recidivism rates.
Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
punitive
reformatory
corrective
Antonyms
lenient
forgiving
merciful
noun
Definition
A place where people are kept as punishment for committing serious crimes.
Example
The judge sentenced him to five years in a penitentiary for his actions.
Conversation
Have you ever visited a penitentiary?
No, I haven't. It sounds kind of intimidating.
I went on a school trip once, and it was really eye-opening.
Root Explanation
Penitentiary → It is formed from "penitent" (from Latin "paenitens", meaning feeling regret or sorrow) and the suffix "-ary" (meaning relating to or connected with). The word "penitentiary" refers to a place related to the feeling of regret or sorrow, specifically for those who have committed crimes.
Memory Tip
Think of feeling regret ('penitent') for actions and how a 'penitentiary' is a place related to that feeling, where individuals reflect on their past.
Visually Confused Words
plenipotentiary
sententiary
plenipotentiarily
presidentiary