Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: A chemical compound used mainly in laboratories to detect amines and as an analytical reagent.

Example: The scientist used ninhydrin to test for the presence of amino acids in the sample.

Definition: A special metal made from nickel and titanium that can change shape when heated and return to its original form.

Example: The doctor used a nitinol stent to help keep the artery open after surgery.

Definition: Describes a substance that has undergone a chemical reaction with nitric acid or a nitrate, often resulting in the addition of nitrate groups to the compound.

Example: The nitrated compound is used in various industrial applications due to its enhanced properties.

Definition: Describing something that causes or is involved in the process of adding a nitro group to a molecule, often in chemical reactions.

Example: The nitrating agent is essential for the synthesis of certain explosives.

Definition: To introduce a nitro group into a compound, typically in a chemical reaction.

Example: The chemist is nitrating the organic compound to create a new product.

Definition: The process of introducing a nitro group into an organic compound, typically through a reaction with nitric acid and often in the presence of sulfuric acid.

Example: Nitration is commonly used in the production of explosives and dyes.

Definition: Relating to or containing nitrogen, particularly in a higher oxidation state than in similar compounds.

Example: Nitric acid is commonly used in fertilizers and explosives.

Definition: A chemical compound that includes nitrogen and another element that is more positive in charge, like a metal or phosphorus.

Example: Silicon nitride is often used in high-performance ceramics.

Definition: To treat a material, especially steel, so that nitrogen is absorbed into its surface to make it harder.

Example: The engineers decided to nitride the steel components to improve their durability.

Definition: A type of bacteria that helps convert ammonia into nitrates in the soil, playing a key role in the nitrogen cycle.

Example: Nitrifiers are essential for healthy soil as they help plants access nutrients.

Definition: A type of organic compound that includes a specific group of atoms known as the cyano radical, which is represented by the formula -CN.

Example: Nitrils are often used in the production of various chemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Definition: A chemical compound that contains the nitrite ion, which consists of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. It is often found in salts or esters derived from nitrous acid.

Example: Nitrite is commonly used in food preservation and as a color fixative in meats.