Exam: TOEFL

Definition: A colorless gas or liquid that can be very harmful and is used in making certain chemicals and materials.

Example: Phosgene was used as a chemical weapon during World War I.

Definition: A type of enzyme that helps break down certain compounds containing phosphorus, playing a key role in processes like digestion and metabolism.

Example: Phosphatase is essential for the proper functioning of many biological processes in the body.

Definition: A chemical compound that contains phosphorus, often used in fertilizers and other applications.

Example: Farmers often use phosphate to improve soil fertility.

Definition: A group of molecules that are derived from phosphatidate, often involved in biological processes.

Example: Phosphatidyl groups play a crucial role in cell membrane structure.

Definition: A condition where there is too much phosphate in the urine.

Example: The doctor diagnosed her with phosphaturia after analyzing her urine samples.

Definition: A chemical compound made of phosphorus and another element that is more positive in charge.

Example: Phosphides are often used in the production of semiconductors.

Definition: A colorless and poisonous gas that can catch fire easily, often used in chemical processes and has a fishy smell.

Example: Phosphine is used in agriculture to fumigate stored grains.

Definition: A chemical compound that is a salt or ester derived from phosphorous acid, often used in fertilizers and other applications.

Example: Farmers often use phosphite to promote plant growth and protect against diseases.

Definition: A substance found in muscle tissue that helps store and supply energy for muscle movement.

Example: Athletes often take supplements to increase their levels of phosphocreatine for better performance.

Definition: An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from a donor molecule, often ATP, to a specific substrate, playing a crucial role in various biochemical processes.

Example: Phosphokinase is essential for regulating energy metabolism in cells.