Exam: TOEFL

Definition: A strong and unreasonable fear of something that makes a person want to avoid it, even if they know it is not dangerous.

Example: She has a phobia of spiders, which makes it hard for her to be in places where they might be.

Definition: Relating to or characterized by an extreme or irrational fear of something.

Example: Many people are phobic about spiders and avoid them at all costs.

Definition: A person who has an extreme fear or dislike of something.

Example: He is a phobic when it comes to heights, avoiding tall buildings at all costs.

Definition: A unit used to measure how loud a sound seems to a person, based on the loudness of a specific tone.

Example: The sound of the concert was measured at 80 phon, indicating it was quite loud.

Definition: Relating to sound or the voice.

Example: The phonal qualities of her singing captivated the audience.

Definition: To produce sounds using the voice, especially in speech.

Example: The teacher asked the students to phonate clearly during their presentations.

Definition: The act of producing sound with the voice, which happens when the vocal cords vibrate and the sound is shaped by the mouth and throat.

Example: Singers need to practice their phonation to improve their vocal quality.

Definition: To make a phone call to someone.

Example: I will phone you later this evening.

Definition: A device used for communication that allows people to talk to each other over long distances by converting sound into electrical signals.

Example: I called my friend on the phone to ask about the party.

Definition: To contact someone using a telephone or to call someone on the phone.

Example: I will phone my friend to tell her the news.

Definition: Relating to the abstract units of sound in a language that distinguish meaning.

Example: The phonematic analysis of the language revealed several distinct sound patterns.

Definition: The smallest unit of sound in a language that can change the meaning of a word, like the difference between the sounds in 'bat' and 'pat'.

Example: In English, the sounds /p/ and /b/ are different phonemes because they change the meaning of words.

Definition: Related to the smallest units of sound in a language that can change meaning.

Example: The phonemic structure of the word can change its meaning entirely.