Exam: Cambridge English: C2 Proficiency (CPE)

Definition: A person who engages in philosophical thought or discussion, often in a way that may seem superficial or impractical.

Example: He is known as a philosophizer, always pondering deep questions but rarely providing clear answers.

Definition: A study or system of ideas about fundamental questions regarding existence, knowledge, values, and reason.

Example: Her philosophy emphasizes the importance of kindness and understanding in everyday life.

Definition: A type of tissue in plants that transports food and nutrients from the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Example: The phloem is essential for transporting sugars produced during photosynthesis.

Definition: The smallest unit of sound in a language that can change the meaning of a word, like the difference between the sounds in 'bat' and 'pat'.

Example: In English, the sounds /p/ and /b/ are different phonemes because they change the meaning of words.

Definition: In a way that relates to the sounds of speech and how they are organized in a language.

Example: The words were pronounced phonemically to highlight their sound structure.

Definition: The study of the sounds in a language and how they are used to create meaning.

Example: Phonemics is essential for understanding how different languages organize their sounds.

Definition: Related to the study of sounds in a language and how they are organized and used.

Example: The phonologic rules of the language determine how sounds can be combined.

Definition: Relating to the study of sounds in a language and how they are organized and used.

Example: The phonological rules of the language determine how sounds can be combined.

Definition: The system of sounds used in a language and the rules that govern how those sounds are organized and used.

Example: Phonology helps linguists understand how different languages use sounds to create meaning.

Definition: A type of relationship where one organism carries another organism of a different species, often seen in certain insects and fish.

Example: In a fascinating example of phoresy, the beetle carried the mite on its back to a new location.