Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: The process of separating mixtures by spinning them rapidly in a machine called a centrifuge, which uses force to separate different components based on their density.

Example: Centrifugation is commonly used in laboratories to separate blood components.

Definition: A machine that spins around quickly to separate different materials based on their weight or density, often used in laboratories or for simulating gravity effects.

Example: The scientist used a centrifuge to separate the blood components for analysis.

Definition: To spin something rapidly in a machine that uses centrifugal force to separate substances or components.

Example: The scientist will centrifuge the samples to separate the blood cells from the plasma.

Definition: A small, cylindrical structure found in cells that helps in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus.

Example: During cell division, the centrioles play a crucial role in organizing the microtubules.

Definition: Describing something that moves or is directed toward a center or axis, often used in physics and biology.

Example: The centripetal force keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.

Definition: In a manner that moves or directs towards a center or axis.

Example: The planets revolve around the sun centripetally, maintaining their orbits due to gravitational pull.

Definition: The part of a chromosome that is the narrowest point, where the spindle fibers attach during cell division.

Example: During cell division, the spindle fibers connect to the centromere to help separate the chromosomes.

Definition: Relating to the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids and is essential for proper cell division.

Example: The centromeric region of the chromosome is crucial for the movement of genetic material during cell division.

Definition: A small part of a cell near the nucleus that helps organize structures called microtubules, which are important for cell shape and movement.

Example: The centrosome plays a crucial role in cell division by organizing the microtubules that separate chromosomes.

Definition: Describing something that has a center point where it is symmetrical on all sides.

Example: The design of the building is centrosymmetric, making it visually balanced from every angle.

Definition: In a direction toward the head or front part of the body.

Example: The doctor instructed the patient to lie cephalad during the examination.