Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: The process by which new biological species are formed, often when a single species divides into two or more distinct groups that cannot interbreed.

Example: The speciation of the finches on the Galápagos Islands is a classic example of evolution in action.

Definition: The belief that one species, especially humans, is superior to others, leading to discrimination against animals and their exploitation.

Example: Many activists fight against speciesism to promote equal treatment for all living beings.

Definition: Able to be clearly defined or identified; something that can be specified or detailed.

Example: The requirements for the project are not easily specifiable, making it hard to plan.

Definition: The quality of being precise or clearly defined, especially in relation to a particular condition or group.

Example: The specificity of the test ensures that it accurately identifies the disease without false positives.

Definition: Clearly defined or identified; stated in detail.

Example: The instructions were specified to ensure everyone understood the process.

Definition: To clearly state or identify something, often in detail.

Example: The instructions specified the steps to follow for the project.

Definition: Appearing to be true or correct but actually false or misleading.

Example: The politician made a specious claim that was quickly debunked by the facts.

Definition: In a way that seems true or correct but is actually false or misleading.

Example: The argument was presented speciously, making it difficult to see the flaws in the reasoning.

Definition: The quality of seeming to be true or correct but actually being false or misleading.

Example: The speciousness of his argument was evident to everyone in the debate.

Definition: Relating to someone who watches an event, especially a performance or a sport.

Example: The spectatorial experience at the concert was enhanced by the stunning visuals.

Definition: Relating to or resembling a ghost or spirit; having a ghostly appearance.

Example: The old house had a spectral quality that made it seem haunted.