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Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

periodical

IPA: /ˌpɪə.riˈɒd.ɪ.kəl/

KK: /ˈpɪrɪˌɑdɪkəl/

adjective

Definition: Relating to something that is published regularly, such as a magazine or journal, often at fixed intervals.

Example: The library subscribes to several periodical publications for research purposes.

noun

Definition: A type of publication that is released regularly, such as a magazine or journal, often containing articles, stories, or research.

Example: She subscribes to several periodicals to stay updated on current events and trends.

periodicity

IPA: /ˌpɪə.riˈɒd.ɪ.sɪ.ti/

KK: /pɪrɪˈɒdɪsɪti/

noun

Definition: The quality of occurring at regular intervals or the state of being repeated over time.

Example: The periodicity of the seasons affects many aspects of nature.

periodontology

IPA: /ˌpɪə.ri.ɒnˈtɒl.ə.dʒi/

KK: /ˌpɪrɪəˈdɒntələdʒi/

noun

Definition: The branch of dentistry that deals with the structures supporting the teeth, including gums and bone.

Example: She decided to specialize in periodontology to help patients with gum diseases.

periosteal

IPA: /ˌpɛr.iˈɒs.ti.əl/

KK: /ˌpɛrɪˈɒstiəl/

adjective

Definition: Relating to the membrane that covers the outer surface of bones.

Example: The surgeon examined the periosteal layer to ensure proper healing after the operation.

periosteum

IPA: /ˌpɛr.iˈɒs.ti.əm/

KK: /ˌpɛrɪˈɑːstɪəm/

noun

Definition: A tough, fibrous layer that covers the outer surface of bones, except at the joints, and helps attach muscles and tendons to the bones.

Example: The surgeon carefully removed the periosteum to access the underlying bone during the operation.

peripatetic

IPA: /ˌpɛrɪpəˈtɛtɪk/

KK: /ˌpɛrəˈpɛtɪk/

adjective

Definition: Relating to walking or traveling from one place to another, often used to describe a lifestyle or method that involves movement.

Example: The peripatetic lifestyle of the traveler allowed her to experience many different cultures.

noun

Definition: A person who travels from one place to another, often for work or study, or someone who follows the teachings of Aristotle.

Example: As a peripatetic, she enjoyed exploring new cities while working remotely.

peripheral

IPA: /pəˈrɪfərəl/

KK: /pəˈrɪfərəl/

adjective

Definition: Related to the outer part of something or not the main focus; often used to describe things that are less important or on the edge.

Example: The team focused on the main project, but they also considered some peripheral issues.

noun

Definition: A device that connects to a computer to add functionality, such as printing, storing data, or communicating with other devices.

Example: I bought a new printer as a peripheral for my computer.

periphrasis

IPA: /pəˈrɪf.rəsɪs/

KK: /pɛˈrɪf.rə.sɪs/

noun

Definition: A way of expressing something by using more words than necessary, often to avoid being direct or to add emphasis.

Example: The author used periphrasis to make the description more elaborate and interesting.

periphrastic

IPA: /pəˈrɪfræstɪk/

KK: /pəˈrɪfræstɪk/

adjective

Definition: Describing a way of expressing something using more words than necessary, often to avoid being direct or to add emphasis.

Example: The teacher explained the concept in a periphrastic manner, using many words to clarify the idea.

periplasm

IPA: /ˈpɛrɪˌplæzəm/

KK: /pɛrɪˌplæzəm/

noun

Definition: The area located between the plasma membrane and the outer membrane of certain bacteria, which contains enzymes and a layer of peptidoglycan.

Example: In gram-negative bacteria, the periplasm plays a crucial role in nutrient processing and transport.

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