Exam: TOEFL

Definition: To provide detailed evidence or description to support a claim or statement.

Example: The lawyer was able to circumstantiate her argument with several key pieces of evidence.

Definition: A defensive structure, like a wall or rampart, built around a place to protect it from attacks.

Example: The ancient city was surrounded by a strong circumvallation to keep invaders out.

Definition: To find a way to avoid something, especially by clever or skillful means.

Example: The team found a way to circumvent the strict regulations and complete the project on time.

Definition: The action of avoiding or getting around something, often in a clever or deceptive way.

Example: The circumvention of the rules allowed them to gain an unfair advantage.

Definition: A serious liver disease where healthy tissue is replaced by scar tissue, leading to loss of liver function. It can be caused by long-term alcohol use, poor nutrition, or infections like hepatitis.

Example: Doctors diagnosed him with cirrhosis after years of heavy drinking.

Definition: Relating to a serious liver disease that causes scarring and affects liver function.

Example: The patient was diagnosed with cirrhotic liver disease after years of alcohol abuse.

Definition: A type of medicine that contains platinum and is used to treat certain types of cancer, including ovarian, testicular, and bladder cancer.

Example: The doctor prescribed cisplatin to help treat her advanced ovarian cancer.

Definition: Relating to a cistern, which is a container for storing water or other liquids.

Example: The building's design included a cisternal system for rainwater collection.

Definition: A part of DNA that carries the instructions for making a specific protein or enzyme, acting as a unit of heredity.

Example: The cistron is essential for the production of the enzyme needed for digestion.

Definition: Relating to a specific segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein or function.

Example: The researchers studied the cistronic structure of the gene to understand its function better.