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Exam: TOEFL

ruggedized

IPA: /ˈrʌɡɪdaɪzd/

KK: /ˈrʌɡɪdaɪzd/

adjective

Definition: Modified to be strong and durable, able to handle tough conditions or rough use.

Example: The ruggedized equipment is designed for extreme environments.

verb

Definition: To make something strong and durable, often to withstand harsh conditions or rough treatment.

Example: The equipment was ruggedized to ensure it could survive in extreme environments.

ruggedly

IPA: /ˈrʌɡɪdli/

KK: /ˈrʌɡɪdli/

adverb

Definition: In a rough, strong, or sturdy way, often referring to physical appearance or behavior.

Example: He ruggedly climbed the steep mountain without any safety gear.

ruggedness

IPA: /ˈrʌɡɪdnəs/

KK: /ˈrʌɡɪdnəs/

noun

Definition: The quality or condition of being rough, strong, and sturdy, often used to describe landscapes or materials.

Example: The ruggedness of the mountains made them a challenging but beautiful hiking destination.

rugger

IPA: //ˈrʌɡər//

KK: /ˈrʌɡər/

noun

Definition: A person who plays rugby, a sport that involves two teams trying to carry or kick a ball to score points.

Example: He is a talented rugger who plays for the national team.

ruin

IPA: /ˈruːɪn/

KK: /ruɪn/

intransitive verb

Definition: To fall into a state of destruction or disrepair.

Example: The old castle began to ruin after years of neglect.

noun

Definition: A state of complete destruction or the remains of something that has been destroyed, often referring to buildings or structures that are no longer intact.

Example: The ancient ruins of the castle attracted many tourists.

transitive verb

Definition: To cause something to be destroyed or to be in a state of disrepair, often beyond repair.

Example: The heavy rain could ruin the picnic plans we made for Saturday.

ruination

IPA: /ˌruːɪˈneɪʃən/

KK: /ruˈneɪʃən/

noun

Definition: The process or result of causing something to be destroyed or severely damaged.

Example: The heavy rains led to the ruination of the old building.

ruinous

IPA: /ˈruːɪnəs/

KK: /ˈruːɪnəs/

adjective

Definition: Causing damage or destruction, often leading to a state of decay or collapse.

Example: The storm had a ruinous effect on the old building, leaving it in shambles.

ruinously

IPA: /ˈruːɪnəsli/

KK: /ˈruːɪnəsli/

adverb

Definition: In a manner that leads to destruction or severe damage.

Example: The company's ruinously high debts forced it to declare bankruptcy.

rule

IPA: /ruːl/

KK: /rul/

intransitive verb

Definition: To be in a position of control or authority, often making decisions or commands.

Example: In the game, the player who rules has the most power and influence.

noun

Definition: A guideline or principle that tells people how to behave or what to do in certain situations.

Example: The teacher explained the rule about raising hands before speaking in class.

transitive verb

Definition: To control or govern something, making decisions about how it should be done or what rules should be followed.

Example: The teacher will rule the classroom with fairness and respect.

ruled

IPA: //ruːld//

KK: /ruld/

adjective

Definition: Having lines printed on it, often used in notebooks or paper for writing or drawing.

Example: She prefers to write in her ruled notebook because it helps her keep her writing straight.

verb

Definition: To have control or authority over something or someone, often in a formal way.

Example: The king ruled the country for many years before stepping down.

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