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Exam: TOEFL

poliovirus

IPA: //ˈpoʊliəˌvaɪrəs//

KK: /ˈpō-lē-ō-ˌvī-rəs/

noun

Definition: A type of virus that can cause a disease called poliomyelitis, which affects the nervous system and can lead to paralysis.

Example: The poliovirus is responsible for outbreaks of polio in various parts of the world.

polish

IPA: /ˈpɒlɪʃ/

KK: /ˈpɑlɪʃ/

intransitive verb

Definition: To become smooth or shiny by rubbing or polishing.

Example: The surface of the table will polish to a beautiful shine.

noun

Definition: A substance used to make something smooth or shiny, or the quality of being refined and elegant.

Example: She applied a coat of polish to her shoes to make them shine.

transitive verb

Definition: To make something smooth and shiny by rubbing it or using a special substance.

Example: She used a cloth to polish the silverware until it gleamed.

polished

IPA: /ˈpɒlɪʃt/

KK: /ˈpɑlɪʃt/

adjective

Definition: Smooth and shiny, often as a result of being rubbed or treated; also refers to being refined or cultured in behavior or presentation.

Example: Her polished speech impressed everyone at the conference.

polishing

IPA: /ˈpɒlɪʃɪŋ/

KK: /ˈpɑlɪʃɪŋ/

adjective

Definition: Making something shiny or smooth by rubbing it.

Example: The polishing cloth made the silverware look brand new.

noun

Definition: The process of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing it.

Example: She spent the afternoon polishing the silverware until it gleamed.

verb

Definition: To make something smooth and shiny by rubbing it, or to improve something by making small changes.

Example: She spent the afternoon polishing the silverware until it gleamed.

polite

IPA: /pəˈlaɪt/

KK: /pəˈlaɪt/

adjective

Definition: Showing good manners and respect for others in behavior and speech.

Example: She was very polite when she asked for help.

politely

IPA: /pəˈlaɪtli/

KK: /pəˈlaɪtli/

adverb

Definition: In a way that shows good manners and respect towards others.

Example: She politely asked for help with her homework.

politeness

IPA: /pəˈlaɪtnəs/

KK: /pəˈlaɪtnəs/

noun

Definition: The quality of being respectful and considerate in behavior and speech towards others.

Example: Her politeness made a great impression on the guests at the dinner party.

politer

IPA: /pəˈlaɪtə/

KK: /pəˈlaɪtər/

adjective

Definition: More courteous or respectful in manner or behavior than someone or something else.

Example: She was politer than her brother when speaking to the guests.

politesse

IPA: /pəˈlɪtəs/

KK: /pəˈlɪtəs/

noun

Definition: A way of behaving that shows respect and consideration for others, often involving formal manners and etiquette.

Example: She greeted her guests with great politesse, making everyone feel welcome.

politest

IPA: /pəˈlaɪtɪst/

KK: /pəˈlaɪtɪst/

adjective

Definition: The most courteous or respectful in behavior or manner.

Example: She was the politest person at the party, always saying please and thank you.

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