Exam: TOEFL

Definition: This word describes something that has five sides and five angles, like a shape or figure.

Example: The architect designed a pentagonal building that stood out in the city.

Definition: A line in poetry that has five sets of stressed and unstressed syllables.

Example: Shakespeare often wrote in iambic pentameter, giving his plays a rhythmic quality.

Definition: Pentane is a type of hydrocarbon that consists of five carbon atoms and twelve hydrogen atoms. It is colorless and flammable, and is often found in petroleum. It is used in various applications, including as a solvent.

Example: Pentane is commonly used in laboratories as a solvent for chemical reactions.

Definition: Pentanol is a type of alcohol that has five carbon atoms in its structure. It is often found in fusel oil and can exist in different forms called isomers.

Example: Pentanol is used in the production of various chemicals and as a solvent.

Definition: A type of molecule made up of five linked amino acids.

Example: The scientist studied the effects of a specific pentapeptide on cell growth.

Definition: Describing an organism or cell that has five sets of chromosomes, which is five times the basic number of chromosomes.

Example: The plant species is classified as pentaploid due to its unique chromosome structure.

Definition: An organism or cell that has five sets of chromosomes instead of the usual two sets found in diploid organisms.

Example: The pentaploid plant showed unique characteristics compared to its diploid relatives.

Definition: A system of governance where five leaders or governments share power and rule together.

Example: The pentarchy was established to ensure that no single ruler could dominate the others.

Definition: Relating to a musical scale that consists of five specific notes, often omitting the fourth and seventh notes of a standard scale.

Example: The song was composed using a pentatonic scale, giving it a unique sound.

Definition: Describing a chemical element or compound that has five bonds or valences.

Example: The pentavalent compound can form five different connections with other atoms.

Definition: A type of medication that acts as a sedative and is used to help with sleep or to relax patients before surgery.

Example: The doctor prescribed pentobarbital to help the patient sleep before the procedure.