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Exam: TOEFL

parthenogenesis

IPA: /ˌpɑːrθəˈnəʊdʒənɪs/

KK: /pɑrˌθɛnəˈdʒɛnɪs/

noun

Definition: A type of reproduction where an egg develops into a new organism without being fertilized, often seen in some insects and lower plants.

Example: Some species of bees reproduce through parthenogenesis, allowing them to create new individuals without mating.

parthenogenetic

IPA: /ˌpɑːrθənəʊdʒəˈnɛtɪk/

KK: /pɑrˌθɛnəʊdʒəˈnɛtɪk/

adjective

Definition: Relating to a type of reproduction where an organism develops from an unfertilized egg, without the need for fertilization by a male.

Example: Some species of lizards can reproduce in a parthenogenetic manner, giving birth to offspring without mating.

parthenogenic

IPA: /ˌpɑːrθəˈnəʊdʒɛnɪk/

KK: /pɑrˌθɛnəˈdʒɛnɪk/

adjective

Definition: Relating to a type of reproduction where an egg develops into an organism without fertilization by a male.

Example: Some species of lizards are known to reproduce in a parthenogenic manner, producing offspring without mating.

partial

IPA: /ˈpɑːrʃəl/

KK: /ˈpɑrʧəl/

adjective

Definition: Not complete; only a part of something, or favoring one side over others.

Example: The committee made a partial decision that favored one candidate.

noun

Definition: A part or portion of something, not the whole.

Example: The report provided only a partial view of the situation.

partiality

IPA: /ˌpɑːrˈʃiːəlɪti/

KK: /ˌpɑːrˈʃiːəlɪti/

noun

Definition: A strong preference or bias towards something or someone, often leading to unfair treatment of others.

Example: Her partiality for chocolate ice cream is well known among her friends.

partially

IPA: /ˈpɑːrʃəli/

KK: /ˈpɑrʧəli/

adverb

Definition: To some extent or degree, but not completely.

Example: The project was only partially completed by the deadline.

participant

IPA: /pɑːrˈtɪsɪpənt/

KK: /pɑrˈtɪsəpənt/

adjective

Definition: Taking part in something or being involved in an activity or event.

Example: Every participant in the race received a medal.

noun

Definition: A person who takes part in an activity or event.

Example: Every participant in the race received a medal.

participate

IPA: /pɑːrˈtɪsɪpeɪt/

KK: /pɑrˈtɪsɪˌpeɪt/

intransitive verb

Definition: To take part in an activity or event with others.

Example: She decided to participate in the community clean-up day.

transitive verb

Definition: To take part in an activity or event with others.

Example: Many students choose to participate in extracurricular activities after school.

participation

IPA: /pɑːrˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/

KK: /pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən/

noun

Definition: The act of being involved in an activity or event, especially in a group setting.

Example: Teachers often encourage class participation to make learning more engaging.

participative

IPA: /pɑːrˈtɪsɪpətɪv/

KK: /pɑrˈtɪsəˌpeɪtɪv/

adjective

Definition: Relating to a style or approach that encourages people to take part or be involved in decision-making or activities.

Example: The participative management style allows employees to contribute their ideas and opinions.

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