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Exam: IELTS

retroact

IPA: /ˈrɛtrəʊækt/

KK: /ˈrɛtroʊækt/

intransitive verb

Definition: To have an effect on something that happened in the past; to apply a rule or law to a previous time.

Example: The new law will retroact to cover events that occurred last year.

retroactive

IPA: /ˌrɛtrəʊˈæktɪv/

KK: /ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪv/

adjective

Definition: Relating to something that takes effect from a date in the past, often used in legal or financial contexts.

Example: The new law was retroactive, meaning it applied to events that occurred before it was passed.

retroactively

IPA: /ˌrɛtrəʊˈæktɪvli/

KK: /ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪvli/

adverb

Definition: Done after something has happened, affecting things that occurred earlier.

Example: The new law was applied retroactively, changing the outcomes of previous cases.

retroactivity

IPA: /ˌrɛtrəʊˈæktɪvɪti/

KK: /ˌrɛtroʊˈæktɪvɪti/

noun

Definition: The process of applying a new law or rule to actions or events that happened in the past before the law was created.

Example: The retroactivity of the new tax law surprised many citizens who thought their previous actions were unaffected.

retrocede

IPA: //ˌrɛtrəˈsiːd//

KK: /rɛtrəˈsid/

intransitive verb

Definition: To move backward or return to a previous position or state.

Example: After the storm, the water began to retrocede, revealing the beach once again.

transitive verb

Definition: To give back or return something, especially land or territory, to its previous owner or authority.

Example: The country decided to retrocede the territory to its original inhabitants.

retrofitted

IPA: /ˈrɛtrəʊˌfɪtɪd/

KK: /ˈrɛtroʊˌfɪtɪd/

adjective

Definition: Describing something that has been fitted or installed after its original construction or design.

Example: The building was retrofitted with new energy-efficient windows.

verb

Definition: To add new features or technology to something that is already built or in use, often to improve its performance or efficiency.

Example: The old building was retrofitted with modern heating and cooling systems.

retroflex

IPA: /ˈrɛtrəflɛks/

KK: /ˈrɛtrəˌflɛks/

adjective

Definition: Describing a sound or articulation made with the tip of the tongue turned back against the roof of the mouth.

Example: In linguistics, a retroflex sound is produced by curling the tongue back.

noun

Definition: A type of sound made by curling the tongue back in the mouth, often found in certain languages and dialects.

Example: In some languages, the retroflex sounds can change the meaning of words.

retroflexion

IPA: /ˌrɛtrəˈflɛkʃən/

KK: /rɛtroʊˈflɛkʃən/

noun

Definition: The action or condition of bending back, especially in reference to an organ like the uterus.

Example: The doctor explained that retroflexion of the uterus can sometimes cause discomfort.

retrograde

IPA: /ˈrɛtrəˌɡreɪd/

KK: /ˈrɛtrəˌɡreɪd/

adjective

Definition: Describing something that moves backward or is opposite to the usual direction or order.

Example: The retrograde motion of the planet was fascinating to astronomers.

intransitive verb

Definition: To move backward or to decline to a worse state.

Example: The planet appeared to retrograde in its orbit, moving backward against the stars.

retrogress

IPA: /ˌrɛtrəˈɡrɛs/

KK: /rɛtrəˈɡrɛs/

intransitive verb

Definition: To move backward or return to a previous, less advanced state.

Example: After the new policy was implemented, the company began to retrogress instead of improving.

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