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Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

authoritatively

IPA: /əˌθɔːrɪˈteɪtɪvli/

KK: /əˈθɔrɪtətɪvli/

adverb

Definition: In a way that shows confidence and authority, making others believe what is said or done is correct or important.

Example: The teacher spoke authoritatively, ensuring that all the students understood the rules clearly.

authority

IPA: /əˈθɔːrɪti/

KK: /əˈθɔrɪti/

noun

Definition: The power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience. It can also refer to a person or organization that has control or influence in a specific area.

Example: The teacher has the authority to assign homework and manage the classroom.

authorization

IPA: /ˌɔːθəraɪˈzeɪʃən/

KK: /ˌɔːθərɪˈzeɪʃən/

noun

Definition: A process or document that gives permission or approval to do something.

Example: You need to get authorization before you can access the restricted area.

authorize

IPA: /ˈɔːθəraɪz/

KK: /ˈɔːθəraɪz/

transitive verb

Definition: To give someone the official permission or power to do something.

Example: The manager will authorize the new project next week.

authorship

IPA: /ˈɔːθərʃɪp/

KK: /ˈɔːθərˌʃɪp/

noun

Definition: The state or act of creating written works, such as books, articles, or poems, and being recognized as the creator of those works.

Example: The authorship of the novel was attributed to a famous writer.

autoantibody

IPA: /ˌɔːtəʊˈæntɪˌbɒdi/

KK: /ˈɔːtoʊˌæntɪˌbɒdi/

noun

Definition: A type of antibody that mistakenly targets and reacts with the body's own cells or proteins instead of foreign invaders like bacteria or viruses.

Example: The presence of autoantibodies can indicate an autoimmune disease.

autocatalysis

IPA: /ˌɔːtəʊˈkætəlaɪsɪs/

KK: /ɔːtəʊˈkætəlaɪsɪs/

noun

Definition: A process in which a chemical reaction is sped up by one of the products formed during that reaction.

Example: In the lab, we observed autocatalysis when the product of the reaction increased its own rate.

autocatalytic

IPA: /ˌɔːtəʊˈkætəˌlɪtɪk/

KK: /ˌɔːtəʊˈkætəˌlɪtɪk/

adjective

Definition: Referring to a process that is accelerated or facilitated by one of its own products, often seen in chemical reactions.

Example: The reaction was found to be autocatalytic, meaning it sped up due to the presence of its own products.

autochthonous

IPA: /ɔːˈtɒkθənəs/

KK: /ɔːˈtɒkθənəs/

adjective

Definition: Describing something that originates or is formed in the place where it is found, often referring to native species or local populations.

Example: The autochthonous plants of the region have adapted perfectly to the local climate.

autoclave

IPA: /ˈɔːtəˌkleɪv/

KK: /ˈɔːtəˌkleɪv/

noun

Definition: A device that uses high pressure and steam to sterilize equipment or materials, often used in laboratories and medical settings.

Example: The laboratory technician placed the glassware in the autoclave to ensure it was properly sterilized.

verb

Definition: To treat or sterilize equipment or materials using a high-pressure steam chamber.

Example: The laboratory technician will autoclave the instruments to ensure they are free of bacteria.

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