Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: Referring to something that acts as a substitute or replacement for another thing.

Example: The surrogate mother carried the baby for the couple who could not conceive.

Definition: A person or thing that acts as a substitute for another, especially in a family or social role.

Example: The couple decided to have a surrogate to help them start a family.

Definition: To appoint someone to take the place of another person, especially as a replacement or successor.

Example: The committee decided to surrogate a new leader after the previous one resigned.

Definition: An extra tax that is added on top of the regular tax, usually applied to income that exceeds a certain amount.

Example: The government introduced a surtax on high earners to increase revenue for public services.

Definition: An additional tax imposed on top of an existing tax, usually applied to higher income levels or specific goods.

Example: The government decided to levy a surtax on high earners to fund public services.

Definition: To watch or monitor someone or something closely, often for security or safety reasons.

Example: The police decided to surveil the suspect's activities for several weeks.

Definition: The act of closely watching or monitoring a person or group, often because they are suspected of doing something wrong.

Example: The police placed the suspect under surveillance to gather more evidence.

Definition: Describing something that is related to monitoring or observing closely.

Example: The surveillant approach helped the authorities keep track of the situation.

Definition: A person who watches or monitors others, often to ensure safety or compliance with rules.

Example: The surveillant monitored the area for any suspicious activity.

Definition: A person whose job is to measure and map land, often for construction or legal purposes.

Example: The surveyor marked the boundaries of the property before the construction began.

Definition: The state of being easily influenced or affected by something, such as emotions, diseases, or external factors.

Example: Her susceptibility to colds increases during the winter months.

Definition: Easily influenced or affected by something; likely to be harmed or affected in a certain way.

Example: Children are often more susceptible to illnesses than adults.

Definition: The quality of being easily influenced or affected by something.

Example: Her susceptibleness to colds means she has to take extra precautions during winter.

Definition: A state of being temporarily stopped or delayed, often used in contexts like rules, decisions, or privileges. It can also refer to a device that holds something up or a mixture where small particles are spread throughout a liquid or gas.

Example: The student faced a suspension from school for breaking the rules.