Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: A layer or level of material, often found in geology, biology, or social structures, that is arranged horizontally or represents a specific group of similar characteristics.

Example: The archaeologists discovered a stratum of ancient pottery beneath the surface.

Definition: The quality of being very active, energetic, or requiring a lot of effort.

Example: The strenuousness of the hike left us all exhausted but satisfied.

Definition: A type of bacteria that is rod-shaped and often found in chains, known to cause diseases like rat-bite fever.

Example: The doctor identified the infection as being caused by streptobacillus.

Definition: A type of substance produced by certain bacteria that can break down red blood cells.

Example: Streptolysin is used in laboratory tests to identify specific bacterial infections.

Definition: A type of bacteria found in soil that can produce antibiotics and other substances.

Example: Researchers are studying Streptomyces to develop new antibiotics.

Definition: A type of bacterium that belongs to the family Streptomycetaceae, known for forming mycelia and typically found in soil.

Example: Streptomycetes are important in the production of antibiotics and play a role in soil health.

Definition: A type of antibiotic that comes from a specific type of bacteria and is effective against various bacteria and some fungi.

Example: Streptothricin is used in medicine to treat infections caused by certain bacteria.

Definition: Having stripes, grooves, or ridges on a surface.

Example: The striate pattern on the butterfly's wings makes it look beautiful.

Definition: To make lines or grooves on a surface.

Example: The artist decided to striate the canvas to create a textured effect.

Definition: A line or scratch on a surface, often seen in rocks, that is created by movement or pressure, such as from a glacier.

Example: The geologist studied the striation on the rock to understand the glacier's movement.

Definition: A part of the brain that includes the caudate nucleus and putamen, involved in various functions such as movement and coordination.

Example: The striatum plays a crucial role in the control of voluntary movements.