Exam: TOEFL

Definition: An infection caused by certain bacteria, often affecting cattle and sheep, and can lead to infertility or abortion.

Example: Vibriosis is a serious concern for farmers raising cattle and sheep due to its impact on reproduction.

Definition: Experiencing something through someone else's feelings or actions, rather than directly. For example, feeling excitement from watching a movie instead of doing the activity yourself.

Example: She felt a vicarious thrill while watching the adventure film.

Definition: In a way that allows someone to experience something through another person rather than directly.

Example: She lived vicariously through her friend's exciting adventures.

Definition: The state of experiencing something through someone else's feelings or actions instead of directly.

Example: Many people find joy in the vicariousness of watching movies, feeling the emotions of the characters as if they were their own.

Definition: A serious moral failing or a bad habit that is considered wrong or immoral.

Example: Greed is often seen as a vice that can lead to negative consequences.

Definition: This word is used to indicate that something is being done instead of something else or as a substitute.

Example: He chose to work vice taking a vacation this year.

Definition: The role or authority of a person who acts on behalf of a ruler or leader, often in a governmental capacity.

Example: The vicegerency of the region was held by a trusted advisor to the king.

Definition: A person who is given the authority to act on behalf of a ruler or leader, often in an administrative role.

Example: The vicegerent managed the kingdom's affairs while the king was away.

Definition: Relating to a period of twenty years or occurring every twenty years.

Example: The city celebrated its vicennial anniversary with a grand festival.

Definition: Related to a viceroy, who is a representative of a monarch in a specific area or territory.

Example: The viceregal residence was a symbol of colonial power and authority.

Definition: In a manner that resembles or is characteristic of a viceroy, who is a representative of a monarch in a colony or territory.

Example: The governor acted viceregally, making decisions that reflected the authority of the crown.