Exam: TOEFL

Definition: A clear, jelly-like substance found inside living cells that contains various components necessary for life, including the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Example: Under the microscope, we could see the protoplasm of the cell moving and changing shape.

Definition: Relating to the living substance within a cell, which includes the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Example: The scientist studied the protoplasmic structure of the cell under a microscope.

Definition: A type of organic compound that is important in biology, particularly in the formation of heme, which is found in hemoglobin and myoglobin.

Example: Protoporphyrin plays a crucial role in the production of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Definition: A cloud of gas and dust in space that is forming into a star and has not yet started nuclear fusion.

Example: Astronomers study protostars to understand how stars are born.

Definition: A first or early version of something that is used as a model for making later versions.

Example: The engineers created a prototype of the new smartphone to test its features before the final release.

Definition: Representing a typical example of something, often used as a model for others.

Example: The prototypical design of the car influenced many other models that followed.

Definition: In a way that is typical or characteristic of a prototype, which is an original model or example of something.

Example: The design was prototypically innovative, setting a standard for future products.

Definition: A type of compound that consists of one oxygen atom bonded to a single bivalent atom or two univalent atoms, typically not exhibiting strong basic or acidic properties.

Example: Protoxid compounds are often studied in chemistry for their unique properties.

Definition: Relating to protozoa, which are single-celled organisms that can be found in various environments.

Example: The scientist studied the protozoal behavior in freshwater habitats.

Definition: A type of single-celled organism that is usually very small and can be found in many different environments. These organisms can move and often feed on other small organisms.

Example: The pond was full of protozoans swimming around in the water.