Exam: TOEFL

Definition: In a manner that is clean, fresh, and unspoiled, like something that is in its original condition.

Example: The lake was pristinely clear, allowing us to see the fish swimming beneath the surface.

Definition: The state of being free from being seen or disturbed by others, allowing for personal space and confidentiality.

Example: Many people value their privacy and prefer to keep their personal lives out of the public eye.

Definition: Relating to something that is not open to the public and is owned or controlled by a specific person or group.

Example: She prefers to keep her personal life private.

Definition: A person who holds a low rank in the military or other organizations, often below a higher rank such as private first class.

Example: He started his career as a private in the army before being promoted.

Definition: To engage in privateering, which means to operate a privately owned ship that is authorized to attack enemy ships during wartime.

Example: During the war, many sailors chose to privateer instead of joining the navy.

Definition: A privately owned ship that is given permission by a government to attack enemy ships during wartime.

Example: The privateer sailed the seas, capturing enemy vessels for profit.

Definition: In a way that is not open to the public or not shared with others.

Example: She prefers to discuss her personal matters privately.

Definition: The state of having lost something important or not having enough of the basic things needed for life.

Example: Many people suffer from privation during times of war or natural disasters.

Definition: To change something from being owned or controlled by the government to being owned or controlled by private individuals or companies.

Example: The government decided to privatise the national railway system.

Definition: A mindset focused on personal interests and avoiding engagement in broader social or communal matters.

Example: His privatism made it difficult for him to connect with his community.

Definition: The process of changing something from being owned or controlled by the government to being owned or controlled by private individuals or companies.

Example: The privatization of the state-owned company led to increased efficiency and competition.

Definition: A special advantage or right that is given to a person or group, allowing them to have benefits that others do not.

Example: Having access to the best education is a privilege that not everyone enjoys.

Definition: To give someone a special right or advantage that others do not have.

Example: The company decided to privilege its loyal customers with exclusive discounts.