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Exam: TOEFL

nucleoid

IPA: /ˈnjuː.kli.ɔɪd/

KK: /ˈnjuːkliˌɔɪd/

noun

Definition: The region in a prokaryotic cell, like a bacterium, where the genetic material (DNA) is located, similar to the nucleus in more complex cells.

Example: In bacteria, the nucleoid is where the DNA is stored and organized.

nucleole

IPA: /ˈnjuːklioʊl/

KK: /ˈnjuːklioʊl/

noun

Definition: A small structure found within the nucleus of a cell, responsible for producing ribosomes.

Example: The nucleole plays a crucial role in the cell's ability to produce proteins.

nucleolus

IPA: /njuːˈkliːələs/

KK: /ˈnjuːklɪələs/

noun

Definition: A small, round structure found inside the nucleus of a cell, made of protein and RNA, that helps produce ribosomes.

Example: The nucleolus is essential for ribosome production in eukaryotic cells.

nucleon

IPA: /ˈnjuːkliɒn/

KK: /ˈnjuːkliːɒn/

noun

Definition: A type of subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom, which can be either a proton or a neutron.

Example: In the nucleus of an atom, each nucleon contributes to the overall mass and stability of the atom.

nucleonics

IPA: /njuˈkliːɒnɪks/

KK: /njuˈkliːɒnɪks/

noun

Definition: The study and development of instruments related to nuclear research and the behavior of atomic nuclei.

Example: Nucleonics plays a crucial role in advancing our understanding of nuclear energy.

nucleoplasm

IPA: /ˈnjuːklɪˌplæzəm/

KK: /ˈnjuːklɪˌplæzəm/

noun

Definition: The substance found within the nucleus of a cell, which contains the genetic material and is involved in various cellular processes.

Example: The nucleoplasm plays a crucial role in the organization and function of the cell's genetic material.

nucleoplasmic

IPA: //njuːklɪˈplæzmɪk//

KK: /nuklɪˈplæzmɪk/

adjective

Definition: Relating to the substance within the nucleus of a cell, where various cellular processes occur.

Example: The nucleoplasmic environment is crucial for the proper functioning of the cell's genetic material.

nucleoprotein

IPA: /ˌnjuːklɪˈproʊtiːn/

KK: /ˈnjuːklɪəʊˌproʊtiːn/

noun

Definition: A type of complex made up of proteins and nucleic acids, which are found in the cells of living organisms and are important for genetic material.

Example: Nucleoproteins play a crucial role in the structure and function of chromosomes.

nucleoside

IPA: /ˈnjuː.kli.oʊ.saɪd/

KK: /ˈnjuːkliəˌsaɪd/

noun

Definition: A type of compound made up of a sugar and a base, which is important in the structure of DNA and RNA.

Example: A nucleoside is essential for the formation of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA.

nucleosome

IPA: /ˈnjuːklɪˌsoʊm/

KK: /ˈnjuːklɪˌsoʊm/

noun

Definition: A structural unit of chromatin in the cell nucleus, made up of DNA wrapped around proteins called histones.

Example: The nucleosome plays a crucial role in the packaging of DNA within the cell.

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