Exam: TOEFL

Definition: A type of government in which every citizen has the same amount of political influence and authority.

Example: In an isocracy, every citizen's vote carries the same weight in decision-making processes.

Definition: A type of chemical compound that contains the isocyanate group, which is used in making plastics and adhesives.

Example: Isocyanates are commonly used in the production of polyurethane foams.

Definition: Describing a state where there is no difference in electric potential, meaning the electric charge is balanced.

Example: The isoelectric point of the protein is crucial for its stability in the solution.

Definition: Referring to atoms or ions that have the same number of electrons or the same electronic structure.

Example: The two ions are isoelectronic, meaning they have the same number of electrons.

Definition: A type of enzyme that has a different chemical structure but carries out the same function as another enzyme.

Example: Isoenzymes can be found in different tissues of the body, performing similar roles in various biochemical processes.

Definition: A type of natural compound found mainly in soybeans that may have health benefits, particularly related to hormones.

Example: Many people take isoflavone supplements to support their health.

Definition: A type of protein that has a slightly different structure but performs a similar function, often resulting from changes in genetic coding or processing.

Example: Researchers discovered a new isoform of the protein that may play a role in disease progression.

Definition: A type of reproductive cell that is similar in size and shape to another reproductive cell it can join with to create a new organism.

Example: In certain species, both male and female gametes are isogametes, making them identical in appearance.

Definition: A type of reproduction that involves the joining of two similar gametes, which are reproductive cells, often seen in certain algae and fungi.

Example: In some species of algae, isogamy occurs when two identical gametes fuse to form a new organism.

Definition: Referring to organisms or cells that have the same genetic structure and origin.

Example: The researchers used isogeneic cells to ensure that the results were not affected by genetic differences.