Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: Something that is planned or made up rather than happening naturally; it often seems forced or unrealistic.

Example: The movie's ending felt contrived and didn't resonate with the audience.

Definition: A person who creates or plans something, often in a clever or skillful way.

Example: The contriver of the new project had a brilliant plan to improve efficiency.

Definition: To argue against something or to disagree with it.

Example: She decided to controvert his claims during the debate.

Definition: A person who argues against or disagrees with something, often in a formal or public way.

Example: The controverter presented strong arguments during the debate.

Definition: Something that can be disputed or challenged; not certain or definite.

Example: The evidence presented in court was controvertible, leading to a lengthy debate among the lawyers.

Definition: Stubbornly refusing to obey rules or authority.

Example: The contumacious student repeatedly ignored the teacher's instructions.

Definition: Showing a rude and disrespectful attitude; behaving in a way that is insulting or humiliating to others.

Example: His contumelious remarks during the meeting offended everyone present.

Definition: To injure a part of the body without breaking the skin, often resulting in a bruise.

Example: He fell and contused his arm against the sharp edge of the table.

Definition: A difficult problem or puzzle that seems impossible to solve, often involving a play on words or a riddle.

Example: The team faced a conundrum when they had to choose between two equally good candidates for the job.

Definition: To recover health and strength after being sick or injured.

Example: After her surgery, she needed several weeks to convalesce before returning to work.