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Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

ruination

IPA: /ˌruːɪˈneɪʃən/

KK: /ruˈneɪʃən/

noun

Definition: The process or result of causing something to be destroyed or severely damaged.

Example: The heavy rains led to the ruination of the old building.

ruinous

IPA: /ˈruːɪnəs/

KK: /ˈruːɪnəs/

adjective

Definition: Causing damage or destruction, often leading to a state of decay or collapse.

Example: The storm had a ruinous effect on the old building, leaving it in shambles.

ruinously

IPA: /ˈruːɪnəsli/

KK: /ˈruːɪnəsli/

adverb

Definition: In a manner that leads to destruction or severe damage.

Example: The company's ruinously high debts forced it to declare bankruptcy.

ruinousness

IPA: /ˈruːɪnəsnəs/

KK: /ˈruːɪnəsnəs/

noun

Definition: The quality or state of causing destruction or damage; the condition of being harmful or disastrous.

Example: The ruinousness of the storm left many homes destroyed.

ruling

IPA: /ˈruːlɪŋ/

KK: /ˈruːlɪŋ/

adjective

Definition: Having control or authority over something; being the most important or influential.

Example: The ruling party made significant changes to the law.

noun

Definition: A decision made by someone in authority, especially in a legal context, that determines how a situation should be handled.

Example: The judge's ruling was final and could not be appealed.

rumbustiousness

IPA: /rʌmˈbʌstʃəsnəs/

KK: /rʌmˈbʌstʃəsnəs/

noun

Definition: The state of being noisy, energetic, and lively, often in a way that is difficult to control.

Example: The children's rumbustiousness filled the playground with laughter and excitement.

ruminate

IPA: /ˈruː.mɪ.neɪt/

KK: /ˈrumɪneɪt/

intransitive verb

Definition: To think carefully and for a long period about something.

Example: After the meeting, she needed some time to ruminate on the decisions made.

transitive verb

Definition: To think carefully and for a long period about something.

Example: She likes to ruminate on her decisions before making a choice.

rumination

IPA: /ˌruːmɪˈneɪʃən/

KK: /ruməˈneɪʃən/

noun

Definition: The process of thinking carefully and deeply about something, often for a long time.

Example: After much rumination, she decided to change her career path.

ruminative

IPA: /ˈruː.mɪ.nə.tɪv/

KK: /ˈrumɪnətɪv/

adjective

Definition: Tending to think deeply or reflect on things; often associated with being contemplative or pensive.

Example: After reading the book, she felt ruminative and spent hours pondering its themes.

ruminatively

IPA: /ˈruːmɪnətɪvli/

KK: /ruməˈnɛɪtɪvli/

adverb

Definition: In a way that involves deep or careful thought about something.

Example: She sat ruminatively, pondering the meaning of life.

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