Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: Describing an organism or cell that has five sets of chromosomes, which is five times the basic number of chromosomes.

Example: The plant species is classified as pentaploid due to its unique chromosome structure.

Definition: An organism or cell that has five sets of chromosomes instead of the usual two sets found in diploid organisms.

Example: The pentaploid plant showed unique characteristics compared to its diploid relatives.

Definition: Describing a chemical element or compound that has five bonds or valences.

Example: The pentavalent compound can form five different connections with other atoms.

Definition: A type of organic compound that consists of five carbon atoms and contains one double bond between carbon atoms.

Example: Pentene is commonly used in the production of plastics and other chemicals.

Definition: A hidden image or design in a painting that can be seen when the top layer of paint becomes transparent over time.

Example: The artist discovered a beautiful pentimento beneath the final layer of paint.

Definition: A type of electronic device that controls the flow of electricity, consisting of five electrodes, and is used in audio and radio equipment.

Example: The engineer replaced the old tube with a new pentode to improve the sound quality of the amplifier.

Definition: A type of simple sugar that has five carbon atoms in its structure, including sugars like ribose.

Example: Ribose is an important pentose sugar found in RNA.

Definition: A chemical compound that consists of five oxygen atoms bonded to another element or group.

Example: Pentoxide is often used in various chemical reactions and processes.

Definition: Referring to the second to last item in a sequence or list.

Example: In a race with ten runners, the penultimate runner finished just before the last one.

Definition: The one that comes just before the last in a sequence.

Example: In a race with ten runners, the penultimate runner finished just before the last one.

Definition: A partial shadow that occurs during an eclipse, where there is a mix of light and dark, or an area where something exists to a lesser degree.

Example: During the solar eclipse, the moon created a penumbra that cast a partial shadow on the Earth.

Definition: Relating to the outer part of a shadow, especially during an eclipse, where the light is partially blocked.

Example: During the lunar eclipse, the moon passed through the penumbral shadow, creating a subtle shading effect.