Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: Describing a condition or growth that has small, wart-like projections or tumors.

Example: The doctor noted that the skin lesion was papillomatous in nature.

Definition: A type of virus that contains DNA and is known to cause growths like warts or tumors in animals.

Example: Researchers are studying papovaviruses to understand their role in causing certain diseases in animals.

Definition: Having small raised bumps or swellings on the skin.

Example: The doctor noted that the rash was papulous and required further examination.

Definition: The study of ancient texts written on papyrus, which are often manuscripts from historical times.

Example: She is pursuing a degree in papyrology to learn more about ancient writings.

Definition: The surgical or natural joining of two living organisms, often allowing for the exchange of blood or other biological materials between them.

Example: Parabiosis has been studied to understand the effects of shared blood circulation on aging.

Definition: Having the shape or characteristics of a parabola, which is a symmetrical curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side.

Example: The satellite dish is designed in a parabolic shape to focus signals more effectively.

Definition: In a way that resembles or relates to a parabola, often describing a curved path or shape.

Example: The ball was thrown parabolically, following a smooth arc through the air.

Definition: A three-dimensional shape that is formed by rotating a parabola around its axis, resulting in a surface that can be described by parabolic and elliptical sections.

Example: The satellite dish is shaped like a paraboloid to focus signals onto the receiver.

Definition: Referring to a type of signaling in which a substance released by a cell affects nearby cells rather than entering the bloodstream.

Example: The paracrine signals play a crucial role in cell communication during development.

Definition: A model or example that represents a particular way of thinking or doing things, often used in academic or intellectual contexts.

Example: The new research provided a different paradigm for understanding climate change.