Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: A type of fungus that is used in genetic research and has distinctive black fruiting bodies. Some species can produce orange spore masses and are known to damage baked goods.

Example: Researchers often use neurospora in their experiments to study genetic mutations.

Definition: A medical doctor who performs surgery on the brain and other parts of the nervous system.

Example: The neurosurgeon successfully removed the tumor from the patient's brain.

Definition: A type of medical operation that involves treating or repairing parts of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Example: The patient underwent neurosurgery to remove a tumor from his brain.

Definition: Related to the branch of medicine that deals with surgery on the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the nervous system.

Example: The neurosurgical team performed a complex operation to remove a brain tumor.

Definition: The quality of being overly anxious, worried, or emotionally unstable.

Example: Her neuroticism often made her overthink simple decisions.

Definition: Having harmful effects on nerve cells or nervous system tissues.

Example: Certain chemicals can be neurotoxic and may damage the brain.

Definition: The condition in which a substance is harmful to the nervous system, potentially causing damage to nerve cells.

Example: Exposure to certain chemicals can lead to neurotoxicity, affecting brain function.

Definition: A harmful substance that can damage or kill nerve cells in the body.

Example: The neurotoxin released by the jellyfish can cause severe pain and paralysis.

Definition: Relating to substances or agents that have an effect on nerve tissue or the nervous system.

Example: The neurotropic properties of the drug make it effective in treating nerve injuries.

Definition: A very early stage of an embryo where the nervous system starts to develop.

Example: The neurula stage is crucial for the formation of the nervous system in vertebrates.