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Exam: Cambridge English: B2 First (FCE)

proofing

IPA: /ˈpruːfɪŋ/

KK: /ˈpruːfɪŋ/

noun

Definition: A process in baking where dough is allowed to rise due to the action of yeast before it is baked.

Example: The proofing stage is essential for making fluffy bread.

verb

Definition: To make something free from errors or defects, often by checking and correcting it.

Example: She is proofing the document before it is printed.

proofread

IPA: //ˈpruːfˌriːd//

KK: /ˈpruːfˌriːd/

intransitive verb

Definition: To read written material carefully to find and correct mistakes in spelling, grammar, or punctuation.

Example: Before submitting the report, I need to proofread it for any errors.

transitive verb

Definition: To read a text carefully to find and correct mistakes in spelling, grammar, or punctuation.

Example: Before submitting the report, I need to proofread it for any errors.

proofreader

IPA: /ˈpruːfˌriːdə/

KK: /ˈpruːfˌriːdər/

noun

Definition: A person whose job is to check written text for errors in grammar, spelling, and punctuation before it is published or printed.

Example: The proofreader found several mistakes in the manuscript before it went to print.

proofreading

IPA: //ˈpruːfˌriːdɪŋ//

KK: /ˈpruːfˌriːdɪŋ/

noun

Definition: The process of reading a written document to find and correct mistakes in grammar, spelling, and punctuation.

Example: After finishing my essay, I spent an hour on proofreading to ensure there were no errors.

verb

Definition: To read and correct written text for errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation, and formatting.

Example: I spent the afternoon proofreading my essay before submitting it.

propel

IPA: /prəˈpɛl/

KK: /prəˈpɛl/

transitive verb

Definition: To cause something to move in a particular direction, usually forward or onward.

Example: The engine will propel the boat across the water.

propellent

IPA: /prəˈpɛlənt/

KK: /prəˈpɛlənt/

adjective

Definition: Able to push or drive something forward.

Example: The propellent force of the engine allowed the rocket to launch into space.

noun

Definition: A substance used to create thrust in engines, often found in rockets and aerosol cans, that helps propel an object forward.

Example: The rocket used a powerful propellent to reach outer space.

proportion

IPA: /prəˈpɔːrʃən/

KK: /prəˈpɔrʃən/

noun

Definition: A part or amount of something that is considered in relation to the whole; it can also refer to the relationship between different quantities or sizes.

Example: The recipe calls for a proportion of three parts oil to one part vinegar.

transitive verb

Definition: To adjust something so that the parts are in the right relationship to each other, creating balance or symmetry.

Example: The artist chose to proportion the elements of the painting carefully to create a harmonious composition.

proportional

IPA: /prəˈpɔːrʃənl/

KK: /prəˈpɔrʃənl/

adjective

Definition: Having a relationship in size, amount, or degree with something else; when two things change together in a consistent way.

Example: The amount of water in the tank is proportional to the amount of rainfall.

noun

Definition: A part or amount that is related to another quantity in a specific way, often used in mathematics to describe how two things are connected in size or amount.

Example: In a proportional relationship, if one quantity increases, the other quantity also increases at a consistent rate.

proportionate

IPA: /prəˈpɔːrʃənət/

KK: /prəˈpɔrʃənɪt/

adjective

Definition: Having a size, amount, or degree that is appropriate or suitable in relation to something else.

Example: The punishment should be proportionate to the crime committed.

transitive verb

Definition: To make something equal in size, amount, or degree compared to something else.

Example: The architect aimed to proportionate the new building to the surrounding structures.

propulsion

IPA: /prəˈpʌlʃən/

KK: /prəˈpʌlʃən/

noun

Definition: The act or process of moving something forward or driving it forward, often through the use of force or energy.

Example: The propulsion of the rocket was powered by a powerful engine.

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