Definition: A stage in the life cycle of certain fungi, particularly rusts, that occurs in summer and comes before the winter stage.

Example: The uredo stage of the rust fungus is crucial for its reproduction.

Definition: Describing a condition that involves the presence of hives on the skin, often causing itching or irritation.

Example: The patient was diagnosed with an urticate rash after the allergic reaction.

Definition: To cause a stinging or itching feeling on the skin.

Example: The plant can urticate if you touch it without protection.

Definition: To sting or whip someone with nettles or to cause a stinging sensation similar to that of nettles.

Example: The plant can urticate the skin if touched carelessly.

Definition: A harmful substance found in certain plants, like poison ivy, that can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions.

Example: Many people are allergic to urushiol, which can lead to rashes after contact with poison ivy.

Definition: A type of lichen that belongs to the genus Usnea, known for its gray, hanging branches.

Example: The old man's beard lichen, or usnea, can often be found hanging from tree branches in forests.

Definition: A small space within a cell that holds liquid, food, or waste materials.

Example: The plant cell's vacuole helps store nutrients and maintain pressure.

Definition: Describing something that is shaped like or enclosed in a sheath.

Example: The plant's leaves are vaginate, providing protection to the buds inside.

Definition: A type of plant known for its fragrant flowers and medicinal uses, particularly for its calming effects.

Example: Many people use valerian root as a natural remedy to help with sleep problems.

Definition: The dried cups that hold acorns from a specific type of oak tree, mainly found in the eastern Mediterranean, and are primarily used for tanning and dyeing leather.

Example: The tanner used valonia to create a rich dye for the leather goods.

Definition: Describing a structure that meets at the edges without overlapping, often used in botany to refer to petals or parts that open by valves.

Example: The valvate petals of the flower opened beautifully in the sunlight.

Definition: To change something by adding different colors or patterns to it, making it more varied or diverse.

Example: The artist decided to variegate the mural with bright colors to make it more interesting.