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Exam: TOEFL

span

IPA: /spæn/

KK: /spæn/

noun

Definition: A length of time or distance between two points, or the extent of something from one end to another.

Example: The span of her career lasted over three decades.

transitive verb

Definition: To extend across a distance or period of time, covering or connecting two points.

Example: The bridge spans the river, allowing cars to cross easily.

spandrel

IPA: /ˈspændrəl/

KK: /ˈspændrəl/

noun

Definition: A triangular area found between the curve of an arch and the surrounding structure, often seen in architecture. It can also refer to the space between two arches and a horizontal feature above them.

Example: The architect designed beautiful decorations in the spandrels of the arches.

spanner

IPA: /ˈspænər/

KK: /ˈspænər/

noun

Definition: A tool used for gripping and turning nuts, bolts, or other fasteners, often with a specific shape at the end to fit onto the object being turned.

Example: He used a spanner to tighten the bolts on his bicycle.

spanning

IPA: /ˈspænɪŋ/

KK: /ˈspænɪŋ/

noun

Definition: The act of covering or extending across a space or area.

Example: The spanning of the bridge over the river was a remarkable engineering feat.

verb

Definition: To extend across a certain distance or area; to cover or reach from one point to another.

Example: The bridge is spanning the river, connecting both sides.

spar

IPA: /spɑːr/

KK: /spɑr/

intransitive verb

Definition: To engage in a brief fight or practice session, often in a sport like boxing or martial arts, or to argue or dispute verbally.

Example: The two boxers decided to spar for a few rounds to prepare for their upcoming match.

noun

Definition: A long, strong piece of material used in construction or as a support, often found in structures like airplane wings or cranes.

Example: The engineers designed the airplane with a sturdy spar to ensure its stability in flight.

transitive verb

Definition: To fasten or secure something with a bolt or to provide support with long, strong pieces of wood or metal.

Example: The carpenter decided to spar the roof with additional beams for extra support.

spare

IPA: /spɛr/

KK: /spɛr/

adjective

Definition: Having more than what is necessary; extra or available for use. It can also mean being thin or not having much excess.

Example: I always keep a spare tire in my car in case of emergencies.

intransitive verb

Definition: To be careful with resources or to avoid using something unnecessarily.

Example: He decided to spare some money for the trip next month.

noun

Definition: An extra item kept for use when needed, such as a replacement tire or a duplicate key.

Example: I always keep a spare tire in my car in case of emergencies.

transitive verb

Definition: To avoid causing harm or to save someone from experiencing something unpleasant.

Example: She decided to spare him the details of the difficult situation.

spareness

IPA: /ˈspɛrnəs/

KK: /ˈspɛr.nəs/

noun

Definition: The condition of being thin or not having much of something, often referring to a lack of excess or fullness.

Example: The spareness of the landscape made it feel both desolate and beautiful.

sparing

IPA: /ˈspɛrɪŋ/

KK: /ˈspɛrɪŋ/

adjective

Definition: Limited in amount or quantity; using only what is necessary and not more.

Example: She was sparing with her compliments, only giving them when she truly meant it.

sparingly

IPA: /ˈspɛrɪŋli/

KK: /ˈspɛrɪŋli/

adverb

Definition: In a way that uses only a small amount of something; not too much or too often.

Example: She uses salt sparingly to keep her meals healthy.

spark

IPA: /spɑrk/

KK: /spɑrk/

intransitive verb

Definition: To produce small flashes of light or energy, often seen as sparks, or to show excitement or enthusiasm.

Example: The fire began to spark as the wood caught flame.

noun

Definition: A small flash of light or a tiny piece of something that shines, often seen when something is burning or when electricity is discharged.

Example: The spark from the fire lit up the dark room.

transitive verb

Definition: To cause something to start or happen, especially something exciting or energetic.

Example: The new policy sparked a lot of discussion among the employees.

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