Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: Referring to a condition where an organism has only one copy of a gene instead of the usual two, often seen in certain genetic situations like males having one X and one Y chromosome.

Example: In hemizygous individuals, the presence of only one allele can lead to specific genetic traits or deficiencies.

Definition: A bluish protein that contains copper and helps carry oxygen in the blood of some animals like mollusks and arthropods.

Example: Hemocyanin is responsible for the blue color of the blood in some species of octopus.

Definition: A type of cell found in the blood, particularly in invertebrate animals, that plays a role in various bodily functions.

Example: Hemocytes are essential for the immune response in many invertebrates.

Definition: A tool used to count the number of blood cells in a specific amount of blood.

Example: The scientist used a hemocytometer to determine the concentration of red blood cells in the sample.

Definition: Relating to the flow and circulation of blood in the body.

Example: The doctor monitored the hemodynamic status of the patient during surgery.

Definition: In a way that relates to the flow of blood and the forces involved in circulation.

Example: The patient was monitored hemodynamically to ensure stable blood flow during the procedure.

Definition: The study of how blood moves through the body and the forces that affect its flow.

Example: Doctors use hemodynamics to understand how well the heart is pumping blood.

Definition: A type of single-celled organism that has a whip-like tail and lives in the blood, often causing disease.

Example: The doctor diagnosed the patient with an infection caused by a hemoflagellate.

Definition: A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and helps transport carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

Example: Hemoglobin levels are often measured to assess a person's overall health.

Definition: The fluid that circulates in the bodies of some invertebrates, similar to blood in vertebrates, helping to transport nutrients and waste.

Example: The scientist studied the hemolymph of the crab to understand its immune response.