Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: Relating to a type of language where the subject of an intransitive verb and the object of a transitive verb are marked the same way, while the subject of a transitive verb is marked differently.

Example: Georgian is an ergative language, which means it has a unique way of marking subjects and objects in sentences.

Definition: A grammatical term referring to a noun or pronoun that indicates the subject of a transitive verb in certain languages, often contrasting with the absolutive case.

Example: In some languages, the ergative case marks the subject of a transitive verb, while the absolutive case marks the subject of an intransitive verb.

Definition: Relating to systems or processes that, over time, will return to a previous state or where every sample is representative of the entire system.

Example: The ergodic hypothesis suggests that, given enough time, a system will explore all its possible states.

Definition: The state or quality of a system where its time averages are the same as its ensemble averages, often used in statistical mechanics and probability theory.

Example: In statistical mechanics, ergodicity is an important concept that helps in understanding the behavior of particles over time.

Definition: A type of sterol that is found in yeast and some molds, which can be converted into vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.

Example: Ergosterol is an important compound in fungi and is used in the production of vitamin D2.

Definition: A chemical compound derived from a fungus that is used to treat migraines by narrowing blood vessels.

Example: The doctor prescribed ergotamine to help relieve her migraine symptoms.

Definition: Related to a fungus called ergot, which grows on certain grains and can affect health.

Example: The researchers studied the ergotic properties of the fungus in their experiments.

Definition: A health condition caused by eating grain or products that are infected with a specific fungus, leading to poisoning.

Example: The farmer was concerned about ergotism affecting his rye crop.

Definition: Relating to or characterized by disputation or argumentation, often in a way that is intended to win rather than to seek truth.

Example: The eristical nature of the debate made it difficult to reach a consensus.

Definition: Relating to or resulting from the process of erosion, which is the gradual wearing away of land or soil by natural forces such as water, wind, or ice.

Example: The erosional features in the landscape were shaped by centuries of wind and rain.

Definition: Causing or leading to the gradual wearing away of something, often due to natural forces like water or wind.

Example: The erosive power of the river shaped the landscape over many years.