Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: This word describes things that are not alive, such as sunlight, water, and minerals. It refers to the physical parts of the environment that affect living things.

Example: The abiotic components of the ecosystem play a crucial role in determining the types of organisms that can thrive there.

Definition: In a way that does not involve living organisms or biological processes.

Example: The chemical reactions occurred abiotically, without the influence of living organisms.

Definition: This word describes a state of being very unhappy, miserable, or in a very low condition. It often refers to extreme situations, like severe poverty or a lack of self-respect.

Example: The refugees lived in abject poverty, struggling to find food and shelter.

Definition: A state of being very unhappy, rejected, or degraded, often involving feelings of worthlessness or humiliation.

Example: The abjection he felt after losing his job was overwhelming.

Definition: In a way that shows extreme shame or hopelessness; very desperately.

Example: He abjectly apologized for his mistakes, showing deep remorse.

Definition: The condition of being in a very low state, often involving extreme sadness, poverty, or humiliation.

Example: The abjectness of his situation was evident to everyone around him.

Definition: A formal promise to give up or reject a belief, claim, or right, often made under oath. It usually involves a serious commitment to abandon something, such as a belief or a position.

Example: The abjuration of heresy was a significant event in the history of the church.

Definition: To formally give up or reject a belief, claim, or cause, often under oath.

Example: He decided to abjure his previous beliefs in favor of a new philosophy.

Definition: A person who formally rejects or gives up a belief, cause, or claim.

Example: The abjurer renounced his previous beliefs in favor of a new ideology.

Definition: To undergo a process where material is removed or worn away, often due to heat or other forms of energy.

Example: The material will ablate when exposed to high temperatures.

Definition: To remove or destroy a part of something, especially in a medical context, often by cutting, melting, or using heat.

Example: The surgeon decided to ablate the tumor to prevent further complications.