Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: The action of avoiding or getting around something, often in a clever or deceptive way.

Example: The circumvention of the rules allowed them to gain an unfair advantage.

Definition: A serious liver disease where healthy tissue is replaced by scar tissue, leading to loss of liver function. It can be caused by long-term alcohol use, poor nutrition, or infections like hepatitis.

Example: Doctors diagnosed him with cirrhosis after years of heavy drinking.

Definition: A type of medicine that contains platinum and is used to treat certain types of cancer, including ovarian, testicular, and bladder cancer.

Example: The doctor prescribed cisplatin to help treat her advanced ovarian cancer.

Definition: A specific type of curve used in geometry, created by Diocles, that helps solve problems like dividing an angle into three equal parts and finding two geometric means between two lines.

Example: The mathematician studied the properties of the cissoid to understand its applications in geometry.

Definition: Relating to a cistern, which is a container for storing water or other liquids.

Example: The building's design included a cisternal system for rainwater collection.

Definition: A part of DNA that carries the instructions for making a specific protein or enzyme, acting as a unit of heredity.

Example: The cistron is essential for the production of the enzyme needed for digestion.

Definition: Relating to a specific segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein or function.

Example: The researchers studied the cistronic structure of the gene to understand its function better.

Definition: Able to be mentioned as a source of information or evidence.

Example: The research paper is citable in academic discussions.

Definition: A reference to a source of information or a formal statement that acknowledges someone's achievements, often used in academic or legal contexts.

Example: The student included a citation for every source used in her research paper.

Definition: Relating to the act of quoting or referencing a source in writing or speech.

Example: The research paper included several citational references to support its claims.