Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: Being very determined and unwilling to change your mind or give up on something.

Example: Despite many challenges, her pertinacious spirit helped her achieve her goals.

Definition: The quality of being very determined and persistent in holding onto something or pursuing a goal.

Example: Her pertinacity in studying for the exam paid off when she received a high score.

Definition: The quality of being relevant or applicable to a particular matter or situation.

Example: The pertinence of her comments to the discussion was appreciated by everyone in the meeting.

Definition: The quality of being relevant or related to the topic being discussed.

Example: The pertinency of her comments made the discussion more meaningful.

Definition: This word describes something that is directly related to the topic or issue being discussed.

Example: The lawyer presented pertinent evidence that helped the case.

Definition: Able to be disturbed or upset easily.

Example: She is quite perturbable, often getting anxious over small issues.

Definition: A small change or disturbance in a system, often caused by external factors, that can affect its state or behavior.

Example: The scientist observed a perturbation in the satellite's orbit due to the gravitational pull of a nearby planet.

Definition: Relating to or caused by a disturbance or change in a system.

Example: The scientists studied the perturbational effects on the climate model.

Definition: Feeling anxious or upset due to something that has caused a disturbance or confusion.

Example: She was perturbed by the unexpected news about her job.

Definition: To cause someone to feel anxious, worried, or disturbed.

Example: The unexpected news perturbed her greatly, making it hard for her to concentrate.

Definition: Causing feelings of worry or unease; making someone feel disturbed or anxious.

Example: The news about the storm was quite perturbing for the residents.

Definition: To disturb or unsettle someone or something, causing anxiety or worry.

Example: The news of the storm was perturbing to the residents of the coastal town.