Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: The condition of being in a state of waiting or being undecided, often related to a legal case or situation that is not yet resolved.

Example: The case is still in pendency, so we cannot make any decisions yet.

Definition: A triangular architectural element that connects a dome to the supporting arches, allowing the dome to rest over a square space.

Example: The architect designed the church with elegant pendentives to support the large dome above.

Definition: Hanging loosely or swinging freely from a point of support.

Example: The pendulous branches of the tree swayed gently in the breeze.

Definition: The ability of something to be entered or passed through.

Example: The penetrability of the material was tested to see if it could be used for the new design.

Definition: Able to be entered or passed through; something that can be broken into or accessed.

Example: The fortress had a penetrable wall that could be breached by attackers.

Definition: The rate at which a specific trait appears in individuals who have a certain genetic makeup, depending on the environment they are in.

Example: The penetrance of the genetic trait was studied in different populations to understand its expression.

Definition: Describing something that is able to go through or enter something else, often used to refer to strong or sharp sensations or forces.

Example: The penetrant smell of the spices filled the kitchen.

Definition: A substance or agent that can enter or pass through something, often used in contexts like chemistry or medicine.

Example: The technician used a penetrant to detect cracks in the metal.

Definition: To enter or pass through something, often with force or effort.

Example: The sunlight began to penetrate the thick forest canopy.

Definition: To enter or pass through something, often in a way that allows influence or understanding; to affect deeply or to spread throughout.

Example: The sunlight began to penetrate the thick clouds, brightening the day.

Definition: The act of entering or piercing something, often used in contexts like military attacks, sexual intercourse, or gaining influence.

Example: The penetration of enemy lines was a significant achievement in the battle.

Definition: Having the ability to understand or notice things quickly and deeply; insightful.

Example: Her penetrative questions revealed the underlying issues in the discussion.