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Exam: TOEIC

centralise

IPA: /ˈsɛntrəlaɪz/

KK: /ˈsɛntrəˌlaɪz/

verb

Definition: To bring together or organize things in one central place or under one authority.

Example: The company decided to centralise its operations to improve efficiency.

centralised

IPA: /ˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

KK: /ˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

adjective

Definition: Describing a system or organization where control or decision-making is concentrated in a single authority or location.

Example: The company adopted a centralised management structure to improve efficiency.

verb

Definition: To bring together or organize something in a central location or under a single authority.

Example: The company centralised its operations to improve efficiency.

centralization

IPA: /ˌsɛntrəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

KK: /ˌsɛntrəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

noun

Definition: The process of bringing things together into one central point or authority, often to make control or organization easier.

Example: The centralization of decision-making helped the company operate more efficiently.

centralize

IPA: /ˈsɛntrəˌlaɪz/

KK: /ˈsɛntrəˌlaɪz/

intransitive verb

Definition: To come together at a central point or focus; to concentrate.

Example: The different departments will centralize their resources to improve efficiency.

transitive verb

Definition: To bring things together under one main authority or location.

Example: The company decided to centralize its operations to improve efficiency.

centralized

IPA: /ˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

KK: /ˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

adjective

Definition: Having power or control concentrated in one main authority or location rather than being distributed among various parts.

Example: The company adopted a centralized management system to improve decision-making efficiency.

verb

Definition: To bring together or concentrate control or authority in one place or under one entity.

Example: The company decided to centralize its operations to improve efficiency.

certifier

IPA: /ˈsɜːrtɪfaɪər/

KK: /ˈsɜːrtɪfaɪər/

noun

Definition: A person or organization that officially confirms or verifies something, often by providing a certificate.

Example: The certifier issued a certificate to the company after reviewing their compliance with the standards.

certify

IPA: /ˈsɜːrtɪfaɪ/

KK: /ˈsɜːrtɪfaɪ/

intransitive verb

Definition: To confirm or verify that something is true or meets certain standards.

Example: The expert will certify that the equipment is safe to use.

transitive verb

Definition: To officially confirm that something is true, accurate, or meets certain standards.

Example: The organization will certify the quality of the products before they are sold.

chaebol

IPA: /ˈtʃeɪbɒl/

KK: /ˈtʃeɪbɔl/

noun

Definition: A large group of companies that are controlled by one family, often found in South Korea.

Example: Samsung is one of the most well-known chaebols in South Korea.

chairman

IPA: /ˈtʃɛr.mən/

KK: /ˈtʃɛr.mən/

noun

Definition: A person who leads or presides over a meeting, committee, or organization.

Example: The chairman called the meeting to order and welcomed all the attendees.

transitive verb

Definition: A person who leads a meeting or organization, often responsible for making decisions and guiding discussions.

Example: The chairman called the meeting to order and introduced the first speaker.

chairmanship

IPA: /ˈtʃɛr.mæn.ʃɪp/

KK: /ˈtʃɛrˌmænʃɪp/

noun

Definition: The position or period of being the leader of a meeting or organization.

Example: She was elected to the chairmanship of the committee for the next two years.

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