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Exam: IELTS

litigation

IPA: /lɪˈtɪɡeɪʃən/

KK: /lɪˈtɪɡeɪʃən/

noun

Definition: The process of taking legal action in a court to resolve a dispute or claim.

Example: The company decided to pursue litigation against the former employee for breach of contract.

litigator

IPA: /ˈlɪtɪˌɡeɪtə/

KK: /ˈlɪtɪˌɡeɪtər/

noun

Definition: A person who represents clients in legal cases and argues in court.

Example: The litigator presented a strong case to the jury.

litigious

IPA: /lɪˈtɪdʒ.əs/

KK: /lɪˈtɪdʒ.əs/

adjective

Definition: Describing someone or something that is likely to take legal action or engage in lawsuits.

Example: The company became known for its litigious nature, often suing competitors over minor disputes.

litigiously

IPA: /lɪˈtɪdʒ.ɪ.əs.li/

KK: /lɪˈtɪdʒ.ɪ.əs.li/

adverb

Definition: In a way that relates to or is characterized by lawsuits or legal disputes.

Example: The company acted litigiously, often taking its competitors to court over minor issues.

litigiousness

IPA: /lɪˈtɪdʒ.əs.nəs/

KK: /lɪˈtɪdʒ.əs.nəs/

noun

Definition: The quality of being inclined to engage in lawsuits or legal disputes.

Example: The company's litigiousness has led to numerous court cases over the years.

litmus

IPA: /ˈlɪt.məs/

KK: /ˈlɪt.məs/

noun

Definition: A substance made from lichens that changes color in response to acidity or basicity, commonly used to test the pH level of a solution.

Example: The scientist used litmus paper to determine if the solution was acidic or basic.

litre

IPA: /ˈliːtə/

KK: /ˈlɪtər/

noun

Definition: A unit of measurement for volume, equal to 1,000 cubic centimeters, commonly used to measure liquids.

Example: The recipe calls for two litres of water.

litter

IPA: /ˈlɪtə/

KK: /ˈlɪtər/

intransitive verb

Definition: To give birth to a group of young animals at one time, especially in the case of mammals.

Example: The dog is about to litter with a new set of puppies.

noun

Definition: A collection of waste or discarded items that are left in a place, often making it look messy or unclean.

Example: The park was filled with litter after the festival, and volunteers came to clean it up.

transitive verb

Definition: To make a place messy by leaving trash or waste in it.

Example: The children littered the park with candy wrappers after the party.

little

IPA: /ˈlɪtəl/

KK: /ˈlɪtəl/

adjective

Definition: Not large in size, amount, or degree; small.

Example: She has a little dog that loves to play.

adverb

Definition: To a small extent or degree; not much.

Example: She was little concerned about the outcome of the game.

noun

Definition: A small amount or quantity of something.

Example: She only has a little left in her cup.

littoral

IPA: /ˈlɪtərəl/

KK: /ˈlɪtərəl/

adjective

Definition: Relating to or located on the shore, particularly by the sea.

Example: The littoral zone is home to many unique species of plants and animals.

noun

Definition: A coastal area or region that is located along the shore, typically between the high and low tide marks.

Example: The littoral zone is home to many unique plants and animals that thrive in coastal environments.

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