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Exam: IELTS

excommunicate

IPA: /ˌɛks.kəˈmjun.ɪ.keɪt/

KK: /ɛksˈkɒmjunɪkeɪt/

adjective

Definition: Not allowed to be part of a church or religious community due to a formal decision.

Example: After the disagreement with the church leaders, he found himself in an excommunicate position.

noun

Definition: A person who has been officially removed from membership in a religious community or organization.

Example: After the scandal, he was declared an excommunicate by the church.

transitive verb

Definition: To officially remove someone from a religious community or organization, preventing them from participating in its activities.

Example: The church decided to excommunicate the member for violating its rules.

excommunication

IPA: /ˌɛks.kəˌmjun.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

KK: /ˌɛkskəˌmjunɪˈkeɪʃən/

noun

Definition: A formal punishment by a church that removes a person's membership and rights within that church.

Example: After the scandal, the priest faced excommunication from the church.

excoriate

IPA: /ɪkˈskɔːr.i.eɪt/

KK: /ɛkˈskɔːrɪˌeɪt/

transitive verb

Definition: To criticize someone or something very harshly, or to remove the skin from a surface.

Example: The journalist excoriated the politician for his unethical behavior.

excoriation

IPA: /ɪkˌskɔːriˈeɪʃən/

KK: /ɛkˌskɔːriˈeɪʃən/

noun

Definition: A serious criticism or harsh verbal attack, often aimed at someone's actions or character.

Example: The politician faced excoriation from the media after the scandal was revealed.

excrete

IPA: /ɪkˈskrit/

KK: /ɪkˈskrit/

transitive verb

Definition: To remove waste materials from the body, especially through the kidneys or intestines.

Example: The body excretes waste products to keep itself healthy.

excretion

IPA: /ɪkˈskrɛʃən/

KK: /ɛkˈskriːʃən/

noun

Definition: The process of getting rid of waste materials from the body, such as urine or sweat.

Example: Excretion is an important function of the kidneys in maintaining the body's health.

excretory

IPA: /ɪkˈskrɛtəri/

KK: /ɪkˈskrɛtəri/

adjective

Definition: Related to the process of getting rid of waste from the body.

Example: The kidneys are important excretory organs that help filter waste from the blood.

excruciate

IPA: /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪt/

KK: /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪt/

transitive verb

Definition: To cause someone to feel intense pain or mental suffering.

Example: The news of his failure seemed to excruciate him for days.

excruciating

IPA: /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪtɪŋ/

KK: /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪtɪŋ/

adjective

Definition: Causing very strong pain or discomfort; extremely painful or intense.

Example: The patient described the pain as excruciating after the surgery.

excruciatingly

IPA: /ɪkˈskruːʧueɪtɪŋli/

KK: /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪtɪŋli/

adverb

Definition: In a way that is extremely painful or intense.

Example: The pain was excruciatingly sharp, making it hard to focus on anything else.

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