Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: A process where social insects, like bees or ants, share food by exchanging liquids, often through regurgitation, to feed each other and their larvae.

Example: During the summer, bees engage in trophallaxis to ensure all members of the hive receive nourishment.

Definition: Relating to the way organisms obtain food and nutrients, especially in the context of their relationships in a food chain.

Example: The trophic levels in the ecosystem show how energy is transferred from one organism to another.

Definition: The outer layer of cells in a developing embryo that helps attach it to the uterus and provides nutrients.

Example: The trophoblast plays a crucial role in the early stages of pregnancy by forming the placenta.

Definition: Relating to a layer of cells that forms the outer layer of a developing embryo and helps in the formation of the placenta.

Example: The trophoblastic cells play a crucial role in the implantation of the embryo.

Definition: A type of single-celled organism that is in the active stage of its life cycle, often found in the class of protozoans.

Example: The scientist observed the trophozoite under the microscope to study its behavior.

Definition: A movement or growth of a living organism in response to an external stimulus, like light or gravity.

Example: Plants exhibit phototropism by bending towards the light.

Definition: A basic unit of collagen, made up of three twisted chains of proteins that form the structure of collagen fibers.

Example: Tropocollagen is essential for the strength and flexibility of connective tissues in the body.

Definition: Relating to the interpretation of literature or biblical texts that emphasizes moral lessons or ethical meanings.

Example: The tropological approach to the story revealed deeper moral insights that were not immediately obvious.

Definition: A type of protein found in muscle cells that helps control the interaction between actin and myosin, which are important for muscle contraction.

Example: Tropomyosin plays a crucial role in muscle contraction by regulating the binding of myosin to actin.

Definition: The boundary layer in the atmosphere that separates the troposphere from the stratosphere, with its height changing based on location, being lower at the poles and higher at the equator.

Example: The weather patterns are influenced by the conditions at the tropopause.