Exam: Cambridge English: C1 Advanced (CAE)

Definition: An organism that cannot produce certain necessary substances for growth and metabolism due to genetic changes.

Example: The auxotroph required specific nutrients that its wild-type counterpart could produce on its own.

Definition: Describing organisms that need specific substances for growth and metabolism that they can no longer produce themselves due to mutations.

Example: The auxotrophic strain of bacteria requires additional nutrients to grow in the lab.

Definition: The condition where a microorganism cannot produce a necessary organic compound for its growth, usually due to a genetic change.

Example: The auxotrophy of the bacteria made it dependent on external sources of nutrients.

Definition: Relating to styles or ideas that are ahead of their time, often in art or culture.

Example: The avant artist challenged traditional norms with innovative techniques.

Definition: At an earlier time; before something else happens or is done.

Example: She arrived avant the scheduled meeting time.

Definition: The leading part of a group, especially in a military context, often referring to the front line or forefront of an army.

Example: The general positioned his troops at the avant to prepare for the battle ahead.

Definition: A strong and greedy desire to have more money or possessions than one needs.

Example: His avarice led him to make unethical business decisions.

Definition: Having an extreme desire for wealth or material gain, often to the point of being greedy.

Example: The avaricious businessman was never satisfied with his profits and always wanted more.

Definition: In a way that shows a strong desire for more money or possessions than one needs.

Example: He avariciously hoarded wealth, never sharing with those in need.

Definition: The quality of being greedy for wealth or material gain.

Example: His avariciousness led him to make unethical business decisions.

Definition: Not connected to or having blood vessels.

Example: The avascular tissue does not receive nutrients directly from the blood.

Definition: The state of having no blood vessels or lacking a blood supply.

Example: The avascularity of the tissue made it difficult for it to heal properly.