upstream
Intermediate (B1)
IPA: /ˈʌp.striːm/
KK: /ˈʌpˌstrim/
adjective
Definition
Referring to a position or direction that is closer to the source or origin of something, especially in relation to production or manufacturing processes.
Example
The company focuses on upstream activities to enhance its production efficiency.
Conversation
Have you ever thought about how upstream supply chains work?
Not really, but it sounds interesting!
Yeah, it's fascinating to see how things are made upstream before they reach us.
I should look into it; it could change how I see the products I buy.
Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
preliminary
initial
earlier
Antonyms
downstream
final
later
adverb
Definition
In the direction towards the source of a river or stream.
Example
The kayakers struggled to paddle upstream against the strong current.
Conversation
Have you ever tried paddling upstream in the river?
No, I haven't, but it sounds challenging!
It really is, but it's also rewarding when you reach the source.
Root Explanation
Upstream is formed from "up" (meaning higher or in a direction towards a higher place) and "stream" (from Old English "stream", meaning a flow of water). The word "upstream" refers to the direction against the flow of a stream or river, towards its source.
Memory Tip
Think of moving 'higher' ('up') against the 'flow of water' ('stream') — that's what upstream means.
Visually Confused Words
stream
outstream
streamy
astream