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toughen

Intermediate (B1)

IPA: /ˈtʌfən/

KK: /tʌfən/

transitive verb
Definition

To make something stronger or more resilient, often by increasing its toughness or durability.


Example

The coach decided to toughen the training regimen to prepare the team for the championship.


Tense Forms

Past: toughened

Past Participle: toughened


Conversation
Sloth A
I think I need to toughen up a bit for this competition.
Sloth B
That's a good idea! It can be really challenging.
Sloth A
Yeah, I've been working on my stamina to help toughen my body.
Sloth B
Keep it up! You'll be ready to face anything.

Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
harden
strengthen
fortify
Antonyms
soften
weaken
diminish
Root Explanation

Toughen → It is formed from "tough" (of uncertain origin, possibly from Old English *tōh*, meaning strong or resilient) and "-en" (a suffix used to form verbs indicating to make or become). The word "toughen" means to make something stronger or more resilient.

Memory Tip

Think of making something strong or resilient — that's what toughen means, as it combines the idea of being strong with the action of making.

Visually Confused Words
thoughten
roughen
lougheen
foughten
boughten
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