IPA: /ˈʃoʊɡəˌneɪt/
KK: /ʃoʊgəˌneɪt/
The system of government led by a shogun, who is a military leader in Japan.
During the shogunate, Japan was ruled by powerful military leaders.
Shogunate is derived from "shōgun" (from Japanese 将軍, meaning general) and the suffix "-ate" (meaning a state or condition). The term refers to the period or government led by a shōgun, indicating a military government in Japan.
Think of a 'general' ('shōgun') leading a 'state' or 'condition' ('-ate') of military rule — that's what shogunate means.