refereed
Upper-Intermediate (B2)
IPA: /rɪˈfɪrd/
KK: /rɪˈfɪrd/
adjective
Definition
Describing a publication, such as a journal or article, that has been evaluated by experts in the field before being accepted for publication.
Example
The refereed journal is known for its high standards of academic quality.
Conversation
Have you read any articles from that new journal yet?
Not yet, but I heard they have a lot of refereed studies.
Yeah, it's great because it ensures the research is credible.
Exactly! I prefer reading refereed articles for reliable information.
Synonyms & Antonyms
Synonyms
peer-reviewed
evaluated
assessed
Antonyms
unreviewed
unassessed
unchecked
verb
Definition
To act as a referee in a game or competition, making decisions about the rules and ensuring fair play.
Example
The official refereed the soccer match, making sure all the rules were followed.
Tense Forms
Past: refereed
Past Participle: refereed
Conversation
Did you see the game last night?
Yeah, it was intense! I can't believe how the referee refereed that match.
I know, right? Some of those calls were questionable.
Root Explanation
Refereed → It is formed from "re-" (meaning again) and "ferre" (meaning to carry or bring). The word refers to the act of bringing back or carrying again, particularly in the context of reviewing or evaluating something, such as a manuscript or paper.
Memory Tip
Think of 'bringing back' ('re-') something to evaluate it ('ferre'). This helps you remember that 'refereed' means something has been reviewed or evaluated again.
Visually Confused Words
preferee
preferred
unreferenced
revered
rebreed