Definition

The green, thread-like structure that forms when spores of certain plants, like mosses and liverworts, begin to grow. This structure eventually develops into the main part of the plant that produces gametes.

Example

After the spores of the moss germinate, they develop into a protonema before growing into mature plants.

Conversation

Have you ever seen a protonema growing in a garden?

No, I haven't! What is it exactly?

It's basically the green growth that comes from moss spores.

That sounds interesting! I should look out for it next time.

Synonyms & Antonyms

Root Explanation

Protonema → It is formed from "proto-" (from Greek "protos", meaning first) and "nema" (from Greek "nema", meaning thread). The word "protonema" refers to the first thread-like stage in the life cycle of mosses and liverworts.

Memory Tip

Think of 'first' ('proto-') and 'thread' ('nema') to remember that 'protonema' is the first thread-like stage in the life cycle of certain plants.

Visually Confused Words